Co-pyrolysis of Hardwood Combined with Industrial Pressed Oil Cake and Agricultural Residues for Enhanced Bio-Oil Production

Lignocellulosic biomass is the potential raw material for production of biofuels through pyrolysis. It an effective technique converting to biofuels. However, biofuel from agricultural residues and woody-based feedstocks shows poor fuel properties due higher oxygen content. Co-pyrolysis a promising process produce high-quality bio-oil by two or more different materials. Forestry, industrial, outcomes are ideal co-feedstocks improved quality. In this study, individual co-pyrolysis hardwood, pressed mustard oil cake corncob were conducted at temperature 500°C. Before conducting pyrolysis experiments, thermogravimetric analysis was evaluate thermal degradation behavior. Through pyrolysis, yielded maximum 43.9 wt%. On other hand on binary blends hardwood produced 46.2 Compared blend bio-oil, suggesting synergistic effect between corncob. The decreased yield 40.1 wt% during ternary suggests negative effects prejudiced volatiles available in mixture. quantitative results give crucial information development feed-flexible, clean operating systems. characterization studies Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), 1H NMR have shown that combination aliphatic oxygenated compounds. heating value can be utilized as applications.